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According to stats, Tygerberg Hospital treats approximately 1 000 skin cancer patients annually, reports Cape {town} Etc.

December marks the start of Skin Cancer Awareness Season, which runs from 1 December to 31 January, a crucial time to educate and empower the public about protecting themselves and their loved ones against the dangers of skin cancer.

In light of this, and with skin cancer continuing to be a significant health concern, the medical facility is appealing to both residents and visitors to always be vigilant with regard to sun protection during the warm and sunny weather that comes with Cape Town’s much-loved summer season.

While prevention is key, Tygerberg also urges residents to promptly seek medical advice should they notice any new growths such as moles, lumps or changes to any existing ones, as early detection and treatment can lead to a high rate of cure.

‘Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer globally, and South Africa’s sunny climate places its residents at higher risk,’ says Dr Barbara van der Westhuizen, a dermatologist at Tygerberg Hospital, emphasising the need for public awareness and proactive measures.

‘The new sun protection guidelines promote prevention and sun-safe habits, offering practical steps for individuals and families to minimise their risk.’

Key guidelines for skin cancer prevention:

  1. Avoid sunburn: Even a single blistering sunburn during childhood or adolescence can nearly double the risk of developing melanoma later in life.
  2. Use broad-spectrum sunscreen: Apply a sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of 30 or higher that protects against both ultraviolet A (UVA) and ultraviolet B (UVB) rays. Reapply every two hours and after swimming or sweating
  3. Seek shade: Especially between 10am and 4pm when the sun’s rays are the strongest.
  4. Wear protective clothing: Choose tightly woven, lightweight and long-sleeved clothing, wide-brimmed hats and UV-blocking sunglasses.
  5. Avoid tanning beds: Artificial ultraviolet radiation (UVR) can be just as harmful as natural sunlight.
  6. Educate children about sun safety: Start early, as habits formed during childhood can last a lifetime.

Early signs of skin cancer to look out for

Skin cancer can often be successfully treated if detected early. The ABCDE rule can help you spot concerning skin changes:

  • Asymmetry: One half of a mole or spot doesn’t match the other.
  • Border: Edges are irregular, blurred or ragged.
  • Colour: Varying shades of brown, black, tan, red, white or blue.
  • Diameter: Larger than 6mm, about the size of a pencil eraser.
  • Evolving: Changes in size, shape, colour or elevation, or new symptoms like bleeding or itching.

If you notice any of these signs, consult a healthcare professional immediately.

Special protection for children 

Because children’s skin is more sensitive to UVR, sun protection during outdoor play becomes a critical point of prevention:

  • Apply sunscreen generously to all exposed areas, especially the face, ears and back of the neck.
  • Use sun-protective swimsuits and hats with neck flaps.
  • Encourage regular shade breaks, especially during peak UV hours.
  • Lead by example – parents practising sun safety will inspire children to do the same.

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Picture: Photo By: Kaboompics.com / Pexels

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